ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Chem.
Sec. Chemical Biology
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1666238
This article is part of the Research TopicSmall-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Investigating Medicinal ProcessesView all articles
A fluorescent probe with vanillin-pyridine-imidazole core-structure for carboxylesterase detection in macrophage polarization in bone homeostasis
Provisionally accepted
- 1Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China
- 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- 3Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- 4Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
In this work, a fluorescent probe, VanPI-CarE, with vanillin-pyridine-imidazole core-structure was developed for the carboxylesterase (CarE) detection in macrophage polarization in bone homeostasis. The probe responded to CarE with an obvious fluorescence reporting signal at 490 nm with the excitation at 355 nm. The tests in the solution system suggested the advantages of VanPI-CarE including high sensitivity, high steadiness in various working conditions, high selectivity, and low cytotoxicity. Further confocal imaging indicated that VanPI-CarE achieved visualizing the CarE level in living macrophages. The probe further revealed the macrophage polarization in bone homeostasis with both the induction and inhibition status via the CarE detection. These findings provide meaningful insights for inflammation-related research.
Keywords: carboxylesterase detection, Macrophage polarization, Fluorescence probe, Intracellular imaging, Bone homeostasis
Received: 15 Jul 2025; Accepted: 07 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xia, Wang, Huang, Jiang, Han and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Chaoyue Wang, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.