ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1617225
This article is part of the Research TopicNutrition, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Obstetrics and GynecologyView all 15 articles
Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and risk of gestational diabetes: A retrospective study
Provisionally accepted
- The Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background: Previous studies have shown an association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (NHHR) and diabetes, but its impact on pregnant women remains unclear. This study aims to explore the association between NHHR in early to mid-pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: This study retrospectively collected and analyzed prenatal examination data from pregnant women. Variables were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression, and the association between NHHR and GDM incidence was assessed through sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce selection bias between groups. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the predictive accuracy of NHHR for GDM.The study included 572 pregnant women aged 20-44 years, with a mean age of 31.35 years (standard deviation: 4.02). LASSO and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified NHHR as an independent risk factor for GDM. Despite adjusting for group differences using PSM, NHHR values remained significantly different between groups (P=0.009). The predictive accuracy of NHHR for GDM was 0.625 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.570-0.679). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between NHHR and GDM (odds ratio: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.27-3.98). Furthermore, the association between NHHR and GDM appeared linear (P for non-linearity >0.05), and the positive correlation remained consistent across most subgroups.This study suggests that an elevated NHHR is associated with an increased risk of GDM. Early measurement of NHHR could help identify women at risk for GDM, potentially enabling timely interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes.
Keywords: Association, ROC Curve, RCS curve, non-HDL to HDL cholesterol ratio, gestational diabetes mellitus
Received: 24 Apr 2025; Accepted: 20 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Huang, Li, Su, Huang and Wu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Yanzhu Huang, The Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.