A Flexible Finite State Birth-Death Model for the Number of Active Users in a Cognitive Network Environment

Ahsan Tanveer Malik¹Asim Munir¹Zahid Mehmood²Aqdas Naveed Malik¹Amjad Ali³Muhammad Asif Habib^4*Jabeen Sultana⁴

• ¹International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
• ²University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan
• ³University of Swat, Saidu Sharif, Pakistan
• ⁴Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Word count: 174 A reliable handover strategy in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) is the requirement of the times. The problem becomes more challenging when the upper limit of allowable users is stochastic. Moreover, the arrival and service rates for the number of active users in the existing Queue are used to be changing with time. Ultimately, the entire setup is modeled as a generalized Birth-Death Queuing system with variable rates and a flexible upper limit. A flexible finite state Birth-Death stochastic model for the active number of users in a cognitive network at a specific moment has been developed in this research article. The forward and backward transition rates are not stationary; instead, they vary depending on the peak hours, and the transitions are assumed to be possible only in the adjacent states. The proposed work is an application of the popular Global Balance Equation to develop the theoretical framework of the problem under consideration. This work will potentially provide a basis for device useful handover strategies. Simulations have been performed in diversified environments for performance evaluation.