ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Phys.
Sec. Nuclear Physics
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphy.2025.1713658
Kinetic Freeze-Out Properties from Transverse Momentum Spectra of Kaon, Pion, and (anti-)Proton Production in U+U Collisions at √sNN = 193 GeV
Provisionally accepted
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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In the framework of the multi-source thermal model employing the Tsallis distribution, the transverse momentum distributions of kaon, pion, and (anti-)proton production in U+U collisions at √sNN = 193 GeV with varying centrality are investigated. The transverse momentum spectra are appropriately characterized. The dependencies of parameters (average transverse momenta, effective temperature, and entropy index) on event centrality are determined. It is observed that the q parameters increase as the average number of particles participating in the collisions rises, which implies that the nuclear stopping degree elevates with the increase of collision centrality. The T value remains fundamentally consistent for the same particle under different collision parameters, suggesting that the kinetic freezing temperature of particle ejection in this collision system is independent of the collision parameters. However, the q value exceeded the previously determined research range, which might be related to the deformation of the U-nucleus.
Keywords: Transverse momentum distributions, U+U collisions, Tsallis distribution, Kinetic freeze-out temperature, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=193 GeV
Received: 26 Sep 2025; Accepted: 17 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yuan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ying Yuan, yuany@gxtcmu.edu.cn
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