Dietary Patterns and Oxidative Stress: Implications for Obesity, T2D, and Cancer Management

The intricate relationship between diet, metabolic disorders, and cancer progression has garnered significant attention in recent years. Excessive calorie intake is known to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, a critical factor in the progression of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer. In obesity, this results in elevated inflammation levels due to calorie overload, while in T2D, chronic hyperglycemia and lipidemia exacerbate oxidative stress, impairing insulin secretion and sensitivity. Furthermore, the heightened oxidative environment can cause DNA and RNA damage, potentially contributing to cancer development and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that calorie restriction can attenuate oxidative stress, suggesting its potential in modulating the risk and progression of these conditions. However, the specific dietary patterns or components that exacerbate or mitigate oxidative stress at the molecular level, either systemically or in specific organs, remain inadequately understood. This gap in knowledge underscores the need for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms linking calorie consumption-related oxidative stress with these diseases.

This research topic aims to explore the biological pathways connecting calorie consumption-related oxidative stress with the pathophysiology of obesity, T2D, and cancer, with a focus on identifying potential therapeutic targets and prevention strategies. The objective is to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms linking calorie consumption, oxidative stress, and the pathogenesis of these conditions by uncovering novel insights into how dietary patterns and nutrients contribute to oxidative stress and subsequent disease progression. Additionally, the research seeks to explore innovative strategies for managing or mitigating the effects of oxidative stress through dietary interventions, pharmacological agents, or lifestyle modifications, ultimately contributing to more effective prevention and treatment protocols.

To gather further insights into the complex interplay between calorie consumption, oxidative stress, and disease progression, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Mechanistic insights into oxidative stress pathways in obesity and T2D, including the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of excess calorie consumption or calorie restriction on oxidative stress in organs such as islets, adipose tissue, muscle, intestine, etc.
- The molecular basis of specific dietary components in modulating oxidative stress levels in obesity and T2D and their role in disease progression.
- The interplay between oxidative stress and cancer progression, focusing on the impact of hypercaloric or calorie-restricted diets on tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis.
- The impact of high-calorie intake, obesity, and T2D on cancer progression through oxidative stress-related pathways.
- Nutritional interventions and antioxidant strategies, including novel indicators for evaluating dietary patterns, supplements, and specific nutrients that reflect oxidative stress levels in animal models or patients with obesity, T2D, and cancer.
- Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antioxidant therapies in reducing oxidative stress markers and improving clinical outcomes.
- Technological advancements in oxidative stress measurement, including the development and validation of novel biomarkers and assays for assessing oxidative stress levels in clinical and research settings, and the utilization of advanced imaging and molecular techniques to visualize and quantify oxidative damage in obesity, T2D, and cancer tissues.