ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Nutritional Epidemiology
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Impact of Dietary Patterns and Nutrients on Cardiometabolic DiseasesView all 10 articles
Greater adherence to the Planetary Health Diet is inversely associated with dyslipidemia in children: PASE Study - Brazil
Provisionally accepted
Érica Priulli1*
Mariana de Santis Filgueiras2
Dayane de Castro Morais2
Bruna Clemente Cota2
Juliana Farias de Novaes2- 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- 2Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Background/Objectives: Healthy and sustainable diets, such as the Planetary Health Diet (PHD), may contribute to the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a lack of evidence on this relationship in childhood. This study assessed the association between adherence to the PHD and lipid markers in children. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 378 children aged 8 and 9 in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The food consumption was assessed using three 24-hour dietary recalls and the adherence to the PHD was measured through the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI). Dyslipidemia was defined by the presence of one or more altered lipid markers (total cholesterol - TC, triglycerides - TG, low-density lipoprotein - LDL-c, and high-density lipoprotein - HDL-c). Associations between PHDI and lipid outcomes were assessed using adjusted linear regression models. Results: The mean PHDI was 37.5 (SD: 10.6) and 70% of the children had dyslipidemia. The increase of one standard deviation (SD) of PHDI was associated with a reduction in serum concentrations of TC (β = -2.81, 95% CI: -5.57; -0.05) and LDL-c (β = -2.81, 95% CI: -5.07; - 0.56). The "Moderation component" of the PHDI was also inversely associated with LDL-c (β = -2.88, 95% CI: -5.13; -0.64). In addition, the PHDI and its "Adequacy and Ratio components" showed inverse associations with the number of altered lipid markers (p-trend < 0.05). The PHDI was positively associated with carbohydrate and fiber intake, and inversely associated with calorie intake, saturated fat and dietary cholesterol. Conclusion: The greater adherence to the PHD was inversely associated with dyslipidemia in children, such as reduced TC, LDL-c, and fewer altered lipid markers, suggesting a potential benefit of adopting healthy and sustainable diet since childhood.
Keywords: planetary diet, eat-lancet, Sustainable diet, Children, Dyslipidemia
Received: 12 Aug 2025; Accepted: 13 Jan 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Priulli, Filgueiras, Morais, Cota and Novaes. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Érica Priulli
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