- 1School of Information and Communication Technology, Shenzen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
- 2Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- 3Faculty of Business Administration, Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
- 4Faculty of Business Administration, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, Pakistan
- 5Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- 6Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
Received: 28 May 2022; Accepted: 12 July 2022;
Published: 17 October 2022; Retracted: 07 August 2025.
Edited by:
Muhammad Nawaz Tunio, University of Klagenfurt, AustriaReviewed by:
Erum Shaikh, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Shaheed Benazirabad, PakistanArshian Sharif, Sunway University, Malaysia