Study on the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Influencing Factors of Adult ICU Patients with mechanical ventilation Based on Latent Profile Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Yunting Li¹Xiaoli Yuan¹Mi Liu²Yan Xiong¹Jiabi Zhang^2*

• ¹Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
• ²KweiChow Moutai Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the potential classification and influencing factors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Intensive Care Units (ICU) patients with mechanical ventilation, so as to provide theoretical basis for formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods: A total of 229 patients with mechanical ventilation who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit of a Class Grade A hospital in Zunyi from August 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research objects by purposive sampling method. General information questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Scale for Chinese, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Rating Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to investigate the patients within 7 days after discharge from ICU, One month after extubation, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. The latent profile was used to analyze the latent types of PTSD, and univariate analysis and disordered multiple Logistic regression were used to evaluate the influencing factors of different types of PTSD. Results: A total of 215 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 93.89%. The incidence of PTSD was 14.9% (95%CI: 10.12% -19.64%). There were three latent categories of PTSD in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation, including "low-stress group" (56.8%，n=112), "medium-stress group" (31.6%,n=68), and "high-stress group" (11.6%,n=25). Multinomial logistic regression analysis, using the low-stress group as reference, identified that higher educational attainment (OR [95% CI]: 1.359 [1.172-1.576], P<0.001) and elevated scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (OR [95% CI]: 1.447 [1.186 -11.767], P<0.001) were statistically significant predictors of membership in the medium- and high-stress groups. Conclusion: PTSD symptoms in mechanically ventilated ICU survivors manifest in three distinct profiles. Our findings strongly recommend early psychological screening, particularly focusing on anxiety and depression levels and patients' educational background. Medical staff should formulate targeted intervention plans based on the characteristics of different patient categories to lower the level of PTSD in patients.