ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Psychol.
Sec. Sport Psychology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1589408
This article is part of the Research TopicPsychological Factors in Physical Education and Sport - Volume VIView all 18 articles
Perceived physical literacy instruments for sports club coaches: further differentiated validation
Provisionally accepted
- 1Nantong Normal College, nantong, China
- 2Nantong Normal College, NANTONG, China
- 3Sichuan Technology and Business University, Sichuan, China
- 4Nantong Institute of Technology (NIT), Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- 5Zhengde Polytechnic, NANJING, China
- 6Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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Abstract Background: The concept of physical literacy (PL) is a theoretical basis for public health. China has proposed PL indicators in its 2030 Sports Power Strategy through systematic administrative measures. Sports club coaches are an important force in promoting public health, and their PL is worthy of attention. The objective is to assess the factor structure of the Perceived PL Instrument (PPLI) in Simplified Chinese for sports club coaches. Methods: The 18-item PPLI was selected, because of its efficiency and effectiveness for physical education teachers. The research team translated the questionnaire (English-Simplified Chinese). The questionnaire was contested to coaches of school sports clubs and social sports clubs. The factor structure was established by exploratory factor and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The factor structure was a 4-factor, 9-item scale with satisfactory validity. Through exploratory factor analysis, item loadings ranged from 0.70 to 0.75 (Cronbach's alpha, 0.83-0.87). Through confirmatory factor analysis, factor loadings ranged from 0.78 to 0.86. Conclusion: The PPLI can be used as a reliable and valid instrument to test the PL of sports club coaches.
Keywords: factor structure, Perceived physical literacy, instrument, Coaches, Reliability, validity
Received: 26 Mar 2025; Accepted: 27 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Li, Fu, Cao and Yu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Hua Li, Sichuan Technology and Business University, Sichuan, China
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