The Assessment of Body Representation in Adults through Computer-Based Tasks

Simona Raimo^1*Mariachiara Gaita²Daniela Malangone¹Erica Dolce¹Lidia Ammendola³Silvia Canino¹Valentina Torchia⁴Giada Panzino¹Mariamichela Aquino¹Maria Cropano⁴Antonella Di Vita⁵Maddalena Boccia⁶Liana Palermo¹

• ¹Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
• ²Department of Psychology, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Campania, Italy
• ³University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Campania, Italy
• ⁴Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
• ⁵Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Lazio, Italy
• ⁶Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Sicily, Italy

This study aims to evaluate the use of computer-based body representation tasks in an adult sample, considering the role of demographic variables and providing correction indices for clinical practice. Three hundred sixty-six healthy participants were assessed in person with a computer-based battery that included the Hand Laterality Task (HLT) to assess action-oriented body representation (aBR), the Frontal Body Evocation Task (FBET) to assess nonaction-oriented body representation (NaBR), and two corresponding control tasks (i.e., the Object Laterality Task and the Christmas Tree Task), to disentangle the effect of cognitive functions required to perform the tasks but independent of body representation processing. In addition to the primary cohort, three hundred and five healthy participants performed similar body representation and control tasks in an unsupervised web-based version, and a subgroup of these (N = 30) underwent the assessment in both the laboratory-based and web-based versions. Concerning the body representations tasks, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age and sex significantly influenced aBR accuracy and response time (i.e., the HLT), while the NaBR accuracy and response time (i.e., the FBET) were significantly influenced only by age. A correction grid was constructed from the derived linear equation to adjust raw scores according to demographic variables, and a percentile distribution of adjusted scores was provided for each task. Correlation analyses showed significant and high correlations between the laboratory-based and web-based versions of the tasks (r ≤ .888; ps < 0.001), supporting the use of these tasks for the remote assessment. The provided normative data can be helpful for clinical and research purposes, and we discuss the potential benefits of their use.