ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Psychol.
Sec. Neuropsychology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1659030
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Gatos Clinical Test questionnaire in patients with severe dementia
Provisionally accepted
- 1Ningbo Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningbo, China
- 2Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- 3Huzhou Third People's Hospital, Huzhou, China
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ABSTRACT Background: The Gatos Clinical Test (GCT) Questionnaire is an effective tool to evaluate the vitality, survival, and maintenance of basic skills potential in patients with severe dementia. However, it has not yet been verified for use in China. Objectives: This study aims to adapt the GCT questionnaire across cultures and utilize a cross-sectional design to verify its reliability and validity in people with severe dementia in China. Methods: The original questionnaire was translated into Chinese according to the Brislin two-person translation-return translation method. This study conducted a questionnaire survey on 276 severe dementia patients in China. The patients were 52 to 88 years old, with an average age (78.34 ± 6.42) years old, with 45.3% of men (n = 125) and 54.7% of women (n = 151). The patients completed the Chinese version of GCT questionnaire and Mini-mental State Examination and used the item distribution, critical ratio, and correlation coefficient to screen the items. The content validity index was used to evaluate the content validity of the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the construct validity of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability evaluation. Results: The Chinese version of the GCT questionnaire consisted of 14 items. Factor analysis extracted three common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 65.513%. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated satisfactory construct validity for the questionnaire.The questionnaire's content validity index was 0.91. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.898, test-retest reliability was 0.959, and inter-rater reliability was 0.986. Conclusions: The Chinese version of the GCT questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be an effective tool for clinical and community healthcare professionals to assess patients with severe dementia.
Keywords: severe dementia, Survivability, Reliability, validity, factor analysis
Received: 04 Jul 2025; Accepted: 06 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhao, Shen, Mao, Xu, Li, Wang and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Dandan Mao, jessicamdd@163.com
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