ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Psychol.
Sec. Performance Science
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1705837
This article is part of the Research TopicMusic Performance Anxiety - Volume IIView all 20 articles
Measuring situational music performance anxiety – the Polish adaptation of the Performance-related Questionnaire for Musicians (PQM)
Provisionally accepted
- 1University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Poland
- 2SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
- 3Freiburg Institute for Musicians' Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany
- 4Freiburger Institut fur Musikermedizin, Freiburg, Germany
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Music performance anxiety (MPA) was mainly assessed using questionnaires that focus on a general predisposition to MPA, detached from a performance. Since performances vary greatly, an appropriate questionnaire should be used to investigate situation-specific MPA. The Performance-related Questionnaire for Musicians (PQM) is an instrument designed to measure situational MPA under live performance conditions. In this study, the Polish adaptation of the PQM has been developed and validated. Soloists, choral singers, and orchestral musicians (N = 258) completed a battery of self-report inventories immediately after their concert performance. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model with three factors of the dimensions Symptoms of MPA, Functional Coping, and Self-Efficacy across three time conditions before, during and after the performance showed optimal model fit and confirmed the stability of the factor structure in the original PQM,. The reliability coefficients of the subscales were satisfactory, ranging from 0.63 to 0.87. Theoretical validity of the PQM subscales was also supported through correlations with the Performance Anxiety Inventory, Flow Short Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. In conclusion, the Polish adaptation of the PQM constitutes a reliable and valid tool for assessing situational MPA in adult musicians.
Keywords: music performance anxiety, live performance, Polish adaptation, Validation, Factor analyis
Received: 15 Sep 2025; Accepted: 21 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Kaleńska-Rodzaj, Kotyczka, Nusseck and Spahn. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Manfred Nusseck, manfred.nusseck@uniklinik-freiburg.de
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.