%A Ni,Jiaying %A Wang,Ping %A Zheng,Tao %A Lv,Long %A Peng,Hao %D 2021 %J Frontiers in Nutrition %C %F %G English %K Coffee,gestational diabetes mellitus,Meta-analysis,Systematic reveiw,Safety %Q %R 10.3389/fnut.2021.739359 %W %L %M %P %7 %8 2021-September-20 %9 Review %# %! Coffee and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus %* %< %T Consumption of Coffee and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies %U https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.739359 %V 8 %0 JOURNAL ARTICLE %@ 2296-861X %X Objective: The results from epidemiologic studies on the relationship between intake of coffee and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain inconclusive. A meta-analysis was performed to achieve a comprehensive finding regarding the association between intake of coffee and the risk of GDM.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched to find articles published up to August 2021. Observational studies that reported risk estimates [risk ratios (RRs), hazard ratios (HRs), and odds ratios (ORs)] for the association of consumption of coffee with the risk of GDM in pregnant women were included. Random effects model was applied to calculate summarized risk estimate and 95% CIs for the highest vs. lowest categories of intake of coffee.Results: Seven observational studies (three cohort, two case-control, and two cross-sectional studies) with 75,607 participants and 1,625 women with GDM met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis of comparing the highest vs. lowest intake of coffee categories showed no significant association between intake of coffee and risk of GDM (summarized risk estimate: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.05; I2 = 63.4%). Subgroup analysis showed that consumption of coffee had an inverse relationship with GDM in studies conducted in non-Asia countries (summarized risk estimate: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.97; I2 = 6%).Conclusion: This study has shown that high consumption of coffee did not decrease the risk of GDM. Furthermore, large-scale cohort studies are required to confirm our findings.