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Frontiers news
07 Aug 2016
Most viewed Oncology articles in July 2016
Sickle Cells Abolish Melanoma Tumorigenesis in Hemoglobin SS Knockin Mice and Augment the Tumoricidal Effect of Oncolytic Virus In Vivo Chiang Wang Sun, Candice Willmon, Li-Chen Wu, Peter Knopick, Jutta Thoerner, Richard Vile, Tim M. Townes and David S. Terman* Predicting Biochemical Disease-Free Survival after Prostate Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: Risk-Stratification and Patterns of Failure Alan Katz, Silvia C. Formenti and Josephine Kang* Proctitis 1 Week after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Implications for Clinical Trial Design Ima Paydar, Robyn A. Cyr, Thomas M. Yung, Siyuan Lei, Brian Timothy Collins, Leonard N. Chen, Simeng Suy, Anatoly Dritschilo, John H. Lynch and Sean P. Collins* Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Large Intestine: Clinicopathological Features and Predictive Factors of Lymph Node Metastasis Motohiro Kojima, Koji Ikeda, Norio Saito, Naoki Sakuyama, Kenichi Koushi, Shingo Kawano, Toshiaki Watanabe, Kenichi Sugihara, Masaaki Ito, and Atsushi Ochiai* Effect of Akimbo versus Raised Arm Positioning on Breast and Cardiopulmonary Dosimetry in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Kyle A. Denniston, Vivek Verma, Abhijeet R. Bhirud, Nathan R. Bennion and Chi Lin*
Frontiers news
07 Aug 2016
Most viewed Immunology articles in July 2016
Melanoma Affects the Composition of Blood Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Nina Koliha, Ute Heider, Tobias Ozimkowski, Martin Wiemann, Andreas Bosio and Stefan Wild* Probiotic Lactobacilli Modulate Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Activation of Conventional and Unconventional T cells and NK Cells Maria A. Johansson, Sophia Björkander*, Manuel Mata Forsberg, Khaleda Rahman Qazi, Maria Salvany Celades, Julia Bittmann, Matthias Eberl and Eva Sverremark-Ekström* M1- and M2-Type Macrophage Responses Are Predictive of Adverse Outcomes in Human Atherosclerosis Monica de Gaetano, Daniel Crean, Mary Barry and Orina Belton* Association Study for 26 Candidate Loci in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients from Four European Populations Amit Kishore, Veronika Žižková, Lenka Kocourková, Jana Petrkova, Evangelos Bouros, Hilario Nunes, Vladimíra Loštáková, Joachim Müller-Quernheim, Gernot Zissel, Vitezslav Kolek, Demosthenes Bouros, Dominique Valeyre and Martin Petrek* Transcriptome Analysis of B Cell Immune Functions in Periodontitis: Mucosal Tissue Responses to the Oral Microbiome in Aging Jeffrey L. Ebersole*, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, M. John Novak, Luis Orraca, Janis Gonzalez Martinez, Larry L. Cunningham, Mark V. Thomas, Arnold Stromberg, Subramanya N. Pandruvada and Octavio A. Gonzalez Transforming Growth Factor-β-Activated Kinase 1 Is Required for Human FcγRIIIb-Induced Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Omar Rafael Alemán, Nancy Mora, Ricarda Cortes-Vieyra, Eileen Uribe-Querol and Carlos Rosales* Porcine CD3+NKp46+ Lymphocytes Have NK-Cell Characteristics and Are Present in […]
Frontiers news
06 Aug 2016
Most viewed Plant Science articles in July 2016
Transient Expression of Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus Effector Induces Cell Death in Nicotiana benthamiana Marco Pitino, Cheryl M. Armstrong, Liliana M. Cano and Yongping Duan* Identification of Putative RuBisCo Activase (TaRca1)—The Catalytic Chaperone Regulating Carbon Assimilatory Pathway in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under the Heat Stress Ranjeet R. Kumar, Suneha Goswami, Khushboo Singh, Kavita Dubey, Shweta Singh, Renu Sharma, Neeraj Verma, Yugal K. Kala, Gyanendra K. Rai, Monendra Grover, Dwijesh C. Mishra, Bhupinder Singh, Himanshu Pathak, Viswanathan Chinnusamy, Anil Rai and Shelly Praveen Transcription of TIR1-Controlled Genes Can be Regulated within 10 Min by an Auxin-Induced Process. Can TIR1 be the Receptor? Corinna Labusch, Yunus Effendi, Martin Fulda and Günther F. E. Scherer* Non-targeted Metabolomics in Diverse Sorghum Breeding Lines Indicates Primary and Secondary Metabolite Profiles Are Associated with Plant Biomass Accumulation and Photosynthesis Marie F. Turner, Adam L. Heuberger, Jay S. Kirkwood, Carl C. Collins, Edward J. Wolfrum, Corey D. Broeckling, Jessica E. Prenni and Courtney E. Jahn* Physiological Degradation of Pectin in Papaya Cell Walls: Release of Long Chains Galacturonans Derived from Insoluble Fractions during Postharvest Fruit Ripening Samira B. R. do Prado, Paulo R. Melfi, Victor C. Castro-Alves, Sabrina G. Broetto, Elias S. Araújo, João R. O. do Nascimento and João P. Fabi* Partial […]
Frontiers news
06 Aug 2016
Most viewed Genetics articles in July 2016
Spatial and Temporal Variation in Selection of Genes Associated with Pearl Millet Varietal Quantitative Traits In situ Cédric Mariac, Issaka S. Ousseini, Abdel-Kader Alio, Hélène Jugdé, Jean-Louis Pham, Gilles Bezançon, Joelle Ronfort, Luc Descroix and Yves Vigouroux* Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evolution of a Violaxanthin De-epoxidase Gene in Maize Jing Xu, Zhigang Li, Haorui Yang, Xiaohong Yang, Cuixia Chen* and Hui Li* Analysis of Variance Components for Genetic Markers with Unphased Genotypes Tao Wang* Profile of the Spleen Transcriptome in Beef Steers with Variation in Gain and Feed Intake Amanda K. Lindholm-Perry*, Rebecca J. Kern, Brittney N. Keel, Warren M. Snelling, Larry A. Kuehn and Harvey C. Freetly Maintaining Genome Stability in Defiance of Mitotic DNA Damage Stefano Ferrari* and Christian Gentili Spatial Genome Organization and Its Emerging Role as a Potential Diagnosis Tool Karen J. Meaburn* DUBbing Cancer: Deubiquitylating Enzymes Involved in Epigenetics, DNA Damage and the Cell Cycle As Therapeutic Targets Adan Pinto-Fernandez* and Benedikt M. Kessler
Frontiers news
05 Aug 2016
Most viewed Neuroscience articles in July 2016
Distinct Brain and Behavioral Benefits from Cognitive vs. Physical Training: A Randomized Trial in Aging Adults Sandra B. Chapman*, Sina Aslan, Jeffrey S. Spence, Molly W. Keebler, Laura F. DeFina, Nyaz Didehbani, Alison M. Perez, Hanzhang Lu and Mark D’Esposito Interoception and Positive Symptoms in Schizophrenia Martina Ardizzi*, Marianna Ambrosecchia, Livia Buratta, Francesca Ferri, Maurizio Peciccia, Simone Donnari, Claudia Mazzeschi and Vittorio Gallese Disrupted Brain Functional Network Architecture in Chronic Tinnitus Patients Yu-Chen Chen*, Yuan Feng, Jin-Jing Xu, Cun-Nan Mao, Wenqing Xia, Jun Ren and Xindao Yin* Cyclic ADP-Ribose and Heat Regulate Oxytocin Release via CD38 and TRPM2 in the Hypothalamus during Social or Psychological Stress in Mice Jing Zhong, Sarwat Amina, Mingkun Liang, Shirin Akther, Teruko Yuhi, Tomoko Nishimura, Chiharu Tsuji, Takahiro Tsuji, Hong-Xiang Liu, Minako Hashii, Kazumi Furuhara, Shigeru Yokoyama, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Hiroshi Okamoto, Yong Juan Zhao, Hon Cheung Lee, Makoto Tominaga, Olga Lopatina and Haruhiro Higashida* Neuroethics 1995–2012. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Guiding Themes of an Emerging Research Field Jon Leefmann*, Clement Levallois and Elisabeth Hildt Mapping Multiplex Hubs in Human Functional Brain Networks Manlio De Domenico*, Shuntaro Sasai* and Alex Arenas A Hierarchical Bayesian Model for Crowd Emotions Oscar J. Urizar*, Mirza S. Baig, Emilia I. Barakova, Carlo S. Regazzoni, Lucio Marcenaro […]
Environment
05 Aug 2016
Under-reporting of fisheries catches threatens Caribbean marine life
by Brittany Alexander, Frontiersin.org Marine fisheries catches have been drastically under-reported in the Turks and Caicos Islands in the Caribbean, threatening the marine environment and livelihoods of the local community, reveals a recent study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Marine Science. Actual catches on the islands were an alarming 2.8 times, or 86% higher than that reported to the FAO, and this has very troubling implications. Lead researcher Aylin Ulman, recently based at the Sea Around Us, and her team call for urgent action from policy-makers to ensure the future sustainability of the fishing industry in this archipelago nation. Fishing has historically been the main industry in the Turks and Caicos Islands and in some areas up to 75% of locals are involved in the fishing industry. The rise in tourism is creating more demand for locally caught seafood and is placing increasing pressure on local marine life. The islands operate small-scale fisheries for queen conch, Caribbean spiny lobster, and finfish as the three main targets. The local government is required to report all catches to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) to be able to trade with signatory nations of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered […]
Life sciences
05 Aug 2016
Butterflies use differences in leaf shape to distinguish between plants
The preference of Heliconius butterflies for certain leaf shapes is innate, but can be reversed through learning, says a study in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. These results support a decades-old theory for explaining the evolution of the exceptional diversity of leaf shapes in passionflowers. The tropical butterfly Heliconius eratodistinguishes between shapes, and uses them as a cue for choosing the plants on which to feed and lay eggs, shows new research by scientists from the University of Cambridge and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The butterfly has an innate preference for passionflowers with particular leaf shapes, but can learn to overcome this preference in favor of other shapes, especially those that are the most abundant in the local flora. These preferences can promote the evolution of plant biodiversity. Heliconius erato, the red passionflower butterfly, is a large (5 to 8 cm wingspan), white-red-black butterfly that occurs throughout Central America and tropical South America. Females lay their eggs on passionflowers (Passiflora), a genus of tropical vines with extreme variation in leaf shape, both between and within species. For example, related species can have triangular, elongated, elliptic, lobed, or spear-shaped leaves, while even on the same plant leaf shape may vary […]
Frontiers news
04 Aug 2016
Most viewed Physiology articles in July 2016
NOX2 Inhibition Impairs Early Muscle Gene Expression Induced by a Single Exercise Bout Carlos Henríquez-Olguín, Alexis Díaz-Vegas, Yildy Utreras-Mendoza, Cristian Campos, Manuel Arias-Calderón, Paola Llanos, Ariel Contreras-Ferrat, Alejandra Espinosa, Francisco Altamirano, Enrique Jaimovich and Denisse M. Valladares* Cerebral Regulation in Different Maximal Aerobic Exercise Modes Flávio O. Pires*, Carlos A. S. dos Anjos, Roberto J. M. Covolan, Fabiano A. Pinheiro, Alan St Clair Gibson, Timothy D. Noakes, Fernando H. Magalhães and Carlos Ugrinowitsch Erythropoietin Does Not Enhance Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis Following Exercise in Young and Older Adults Séverine Lamon*, Evelyn Zacharewicz, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Paul A. Della Gatta, Lobna Ghobrial, Frederico Gerlinger-Romero, Andrew Garnham, Douglas Paddon-Jones and Aaron P. Russell Transient Hepatic Overexpression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Induces Free Cholesterol and Lipid Droplet Formation Sonja M. Kessler, Stephan Laggai, Elien Van Wonterghem, Katja Gemperlein, Rolf Müller, Johannes Haybaeck, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Manfred Ogris, Claude Libert and Alexandra K. Kiemer* Acclimation Training Improves Endurance Cycling Performance in the Heat without Inducing Endotoxemia Joshua H. Guy, David B. Pyne, Glen B. Deakin, Catherine M. Miller and Andrew M. Edwards* The Regenerative Potential of Female Skeletal Muscle upon Hypobaric Hypoxic Exposure Rosa Mancinelli, Ester S. Di Filippo, Vittore Verratti, Stefania Fulle*, Luana Toniolo, Carlo Reggiani and Tiziana Pietrangelo […]
Frontiers news
03 Aug 2016
Frontiers eBooks published in July 2016
Below is a list of Frontiers eBooks published in July 2016. All Frontiers eBooks are free to download, share and distribute. Science: Ca2+ Signaling and Heart Rhythm, hosted by Ming Lei, Christopher L.-H. Huang, R. John Solaro and Yunbo Ke The Evolving Telomeres, hosted by Arthur J. Lustig and Kurt Runge Microorganisms for Functional Food, hosted by Fabio Minervini and Maria De Angelis Improving Animal Welfare through Genetic Selection, hosted by Wendy Mercedes Rauw Neuronal Stochastic Variability: Influences on Spiking Dynamics and Network Activity, hosted by Mark D. McDonnell, Joshua H. Goldwyn and Benjamin Lindner Hormonal and Neuroendocrine Regulation of Energy Balance, hosted by Maria Moreno and Antonia Lanni Mechanisms of Neuronal Migration during Corticogenesis, hosted by Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama, Kazunori Nakajima, Alessandra Pierani and Nobuaki Maeda The Temporal Dynamics of Cognitive Processing, hosted by Timothy Michael Ellmore, Peter Ford Dominey and John Magnotti How Can Development and Plasticity Contribute to Understanding Evolution of the Human Brain?, hosted by Roberto Lent and Fernanda Tovar-Moll Neural Mechanisms Underlying Movement-Based Embodied Contemplative Practices, hosted by Laura Schmalzl and Catherine E. Kerr Bridging Reading Aloud and Speech Production, hosted by Simone Sulpizio and Sachiko Kinoshita Overlap of Neural Systems for Processing Language and Music, hosted […]
Frontiers news
03 Aug 2016
Most viewed Microbiology articles in July 2016
Highly Effective Inhibition of Biofilm Formation by the First Metagenome-Derived AI-2 Quenching Enzyme Nancy Weiland-Bräuer, Martin J. Kisch, Nicole Pinnow, Andreas Liese and Ruth A. Schmitz* “Candidatus Propionivibrio aalborgensis”: A Novel Glycogen Accumulating Organism Abundant in Full-Scale Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Plants Mads Albertsen, Simon J. McIlroy, Mikkel Stokholm-Bjerregaard, Søren M. Karst and Per H. Nielsen* Mississippi River Plume Enriches Microbial Diversity in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Olivia U. Mason*, Erin J. Canter, Lauren E. Gillies, Taylor K. Paisie and Brian J. Roberts The Interaction between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Endophytic Bacteria Enhances Plant Growth of Acacia gerrardii under Salt Stress Abeer Hashem, Elsayed F. Abd_Allah*, Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi, Asma A. Al-Huqail, Stephan Wirth and Dilfuza Egamberdieva Functional Characterization of a Hexose Transporter from Root Endophyte Piriformospora indica Mamta Rani, Sumit Raj, Vikram Dayaman, Manoj Kumar, Meenakshi Dua* and Atul K. Johri* Industrial Acetogenic Biocatalysts: A Comparative Metabolic and Genomic Analysis Frank R. Bengelsdorf*, Anja Poehlein, Sonja Linder, Catarina Erz, Tim Hummel, Sabrina Hoffmeister Rolf Daniel and Peter Dürre Diet Diversity Is Associated with Beta but not Alpha Diversity of Pika Gut Microbiota Huan Li, Tongtong Li, DeAnna E. Beasley, Petr Heděnec, Zhishu Xiao*, Shiheng Zhang, Jiabao Li, Qiang Lin and Xiangzhen Li* A Recombinant Trivalent Fusion […]
Psychology
03 Aug 2016
Smartphone Exercises for a Better Mood
Brief, directed smartphone exercises can help quickly improve our mood. This is the latest finding from psychologists at the University of Basel and their international colleagues, reported in the journal Frontiers in Psychology. Participants in the international study felt more alert, calmer and uplifted after – using five-minute video tutorials on their smartphones as a guide – they had, for example, practiced concentrating on their bodies. The subjects could choose between various established or more modern psychotherapeutic exercise modules known as micro-interventions. Some of the participants, for example, recalled emotional experiences during the exercise, while other test subjects repeated short sentences or number sequences in a contemplative manner, or played with their facial gestures. The subjects recorded their mood on their smartphones, answering short questions by marking a six-step scale both before and after the exercise. Those who succeeded in immediately improving their mood through the brief exercises benefited over the longer term as well: Their mood improved overall during the two-week study phase. The study, conducted by researchers in associate professor Marion Tegethoff’s team at the University of Basel’s Faculty of Psychology, included 27 healthy young men as part of a larger research program. The use of modern communication […]
Young Minds
02 Aug 2016
Measuring the Methane Leaks to the Air from Three Large Natural Gas Production Regions
In the coming years, humans will have choices to make about where we get the fuel that powers our lights for us to see at night, our stoves for our hot meals, our water heaters for our warm baths, and even our cars. These choices will affect the air we breathe: burning fuel often causes pollution, like the smog found in cities, and almost always leads to more greenhouse gases in the air. Smog and greenhouse gases affect the way the Earth cools itself. One choice we have today is: which fuel should we use for our power plants, coal or natural gas? In a recent study, my colleagues and I measured the greenhouse gas emissions from three of the largest natural gas fields in the United States. We found that using natural gas instead of coal to fuel power plants could lead to fewer greenhouse gases in the air. Click here for the full article.
Life sciences
01 Aug 2016
Do trees go to sleep at night?
by Juan Jovel, Frontiersin.org It may sound like something from a fantasy book, but scientists have found that trees seem to go to sleep at night. One hour after sunset, tree branches start dangling and continue doing so throughout the night, reaching their lowest point about 9-11 hours after sunset, new research published in the journal Frontiers in Plant Science has found. When morning comes they start to return to their normal position, which takes another three hours. The daily position of the branches and leaves allows trees to maximize their capture of sunlight, which fuels their biomass-producing processes, while the drooping position probably reduces the loss of heat during the night. Circadian rhythms refer to biological processes that cycle roughly every 24 hours and explain, for instance, patterns of sleeping and feeding in animals. The scientists from Finland, Austria and Hungary, setup to investigate whether silver birch trees experience movement patterns in a circadian fashion. They used a sophisticated technique called Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), which allows monitoring the movement of objects, including trees or parts thereof, during day or nighttime. Dr. Eetu Puttonen, from the National Land Survey of Finland, and his international collaborators, used TLS to monitor the […]
Young Minds
01 Aug 2016
Autoimmunity: Why the Body Attacks Itself 2
The human body is made up of 37 trillion cells and billions of these die every single day. The body has special cells, called macrophages, which consume dying cells to prevent them from building up in your body. Macrophages are also able to eat any cell that is infected by a bacterium or virus. This helps your body to remain as healthy as possible. Sometimes, the macrophages are given the wrong signals and they attack healthy cells. When this happens, your body develops an allergic reaction or inflammation that can lead to something called autoimmunity. Click here for the full article.
Health
29 Jul 2016
Fish oil vs lard – why some fat can help or hinder your diet
By Fabienne Eckert, Frontiersin.org A diet high in saturated fat can make your brain struggle to control what you eat, says a new study in Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. If people are looking to lose weight, stay clear of saturated fat. Consuming these types of fatty food affects a part of the brain called the hypothalamus, which helps regulate hunger. The fat causes inflammation that impedes the brain to control the food intake. In other words, people struggle to control how much they eat, when to stop and what type of food to eat – symptoms seen in obesity. The study found, through tests in rats, that a meal rich in saturated fat, reduces a person’s cognitive function that make it more difficult to control eating habits. “These days, great attention is dedicated to the influence of the diet on people’s wellbeing. Although the effects of high fat diet on metabolism have been widely studied, little is known about the effects on the brain;” explained Professor Marianna Crispino and Professor Maria Pina Mollica from the University of Naples Federico II. A diet rich in fat can take different forms and in fact, there are different types of fats. Saturated fats are found […]