Similarities and Differences Between Substance-Related and Non-Substance-Related Addictive Behaviors

Addictive behaviors are traditionally linked to altered cognitive mechanisms, particularly impaired response inhibition and an enhanced relevance of addictive cues, as outlined by the Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution (I-RISA) model. This framework has been enriched by numerous brain imaging studies that highlight specific impairments across six large-scale brain networks, contributing to both substance-related and behavioral addictions. While the effects of substances like alcohol and cocaine on brain function are known to cause neurotoxic impacts, leading to a dysregulation between inhibitory and attentional mechanisms, the dynamics underlying non-substance-related addictive behaviors (such as excessive gaming or social media usage) are less understood and pose significant public health concerns, particularly among youths.

This Research Topic aims to delve into the overlapping neurocognitive pathways that might underlie both substance-related and non-substance-related addictive behaviors, while also distinguishing the specific elements inherent to each type. Exploring these dual aspects could illuminate common mechanisms of addiction and point out targeted differences, such as responses to rewarding cues or particular risk factors, thereby enhancing our understanding and therapeutic approaches towards these pervasive disorders.

To gather further insights into the neurocognitive dimensions of addiction, we welcome contributions that are not limited to, but include, the following themes:
-Comparative neuroimaging studies of substance vs. non-substance addiction;
-Neurobiological impacts of neurotoxic substances and their cognitive repercussions;
-Behavioral analysis of addictive cues and response inhibition in different demographics;
-Public health policies and preventive measures targeting young individuals;
-Interventional strategies and treatment outcomes in various addictive behaviors.

Original research, mini-reviews, observational, and interventional studies exploring these similar versus different mechanisms are welcomed.

Keywords: Neurocognitive mechanisms, Substance addiction, Impaired response inhibition, Behavioral addiction, Rewarding cues

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.