ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Abiotic Stress
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1590031
Nutritional Insights Through a Genome-Wide Screening, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of the Fatty Acid Desaturase (FAD) Genes in Sesamum indicum
Provisionally accepted
Layla A Alahmari1*
Subbulakshmi Ganesan2Aman Shankhyan3Girish Chandra Sharma4Suman Saini5Pushpa Negi Bhakuni6- 1Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- 2Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- 3Chitkara Institute of Engineering & Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, Punjab, India
- 4NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- 5Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Mohali, Punjab, India
- 6Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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The quality of edible oils is dependent to the fatty acid desaturases (FADs), adjusting the level of unsaturated fatty acids necessary for health/growth. The stimuli coping, signaling systems regulation, and enrichment of oils quality have been attributed to the FADs. In this study 19 SinFAD genes were identified in the Sesamum indicum genome, categorized into the Omega, First, Front-end, FAB2, and FAD4 clusters. The highest duplicated/triplicated gene pairs had been predicted in the Omega group with strong purifying selection. All the SinFADs showed synteny relationships with Arabidopsis genes, while only ~58% and ~53% of them demonstrated the syntenic blocks with the rice and maize genes, respectively. The promoter analysis illustrated various cis-elements responding to phytohormones and abiotic stimuli. The protein-protein interaction significantly demonstrated networks adjusting stress coping, seed/oil development and phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process. The docking analysis showed the stress-responsive regions in the Omega and Front-end proteins. The expression assay of SinFADs via qRT-PCR clearly suggested the engagements of Omega, FAD2, and Front-end genes in sesame growth/productivity and stress responses. Our findings can lay a theoretical foundation for study of the biological mechanisms like the stress coping and nutrients production in sesame and other oil crops.
Keywords: Fatty acid desaturase, Sesamum indicum, computational assay, Oil quality, Stress dealing
Received: 08 Mar 2025; Accepted: 29 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 A Alahmari, Ganesan, Shankhyan, Sharma, Saini and Bhakuni. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Layla A Alahmari, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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