ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Physiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1629234
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Phenomics, Metabolomics, and Genomics for Precision Breeding of Ornamental Horticultural CropsView all articles
Genetic diversity analysis of Iris germanica cultivars based on ISSR and SRAP molecular markers
Provisionally accepted
- 1College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- 2山西农业大学农学院, 山西太谷, China
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Iris germanica L. ( 1753), commonly known as bearded iris, is a popular ornamental plant species appreciated for its beautiful and diverse flower colors and forms. Despite their aesthetic appeal, there is limited knowledge about the genetic diversity and relationships among Iris germanica cultivars. To address this, we investigate the genetic diversity and molecular clustering of Iris germanica cultivars through ISSR and SRAP molecular markers. ISSR analysis revealed a high level of genetic diversity among Iris germanica cultivars, with 89.47% polymorphism observed. Similarly, SRAP analysis demonstrated substantial intraspecific genetic diversity, with a polymorphism percentage of 96.54%. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.513 to 0.868 for ISSR and 0.595 to 0.801 for SRAP markers, highlighting variations and relationships among Iris germanica accessions. ISSR Molecular marker cluster analysis categorized divides Iris germanica cultivars with similar morphological characteristics into distinct groups to a certain extent based on genetic similarity coefficients, and SRAP marker could also make the same species from different regions first cluster into one group on the basis of classifying the similar phenotypic Iris germanica varieties, indicating that the SRAP marker used to analyze the genetic diversity of Iris germanica cultivars were more accurate than the ISSR marker. Combining both ISSR and SRAP markers not only effectively distinguished between dwarf and tall species of Iris germanica, but also separately isolated two Iris germanica species from Shanxi province. It had also been found that Iris germanica 'Antique Red', Iris germanica 'Indian leader' were clustered into one group and Iris germanica 'Bloodstone' and 'Cherry Garden' were gathered together in three kinds of clustering methods, indicating that these varieties had very close relationship. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity and relationships within Iris species, offering important implications for breeding and conservation efforts.
Keywords: Iris germanica, genetic diversity, ISSR, SRAP, Clustering analysis
Received: 15 May 2025; Accepted: 22 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wei, Wang, Xing and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Guoming Xing, College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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