ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Breeding
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1694946
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvancing the Understanding of Genotype-Environment Interaction for Yield Stability and Adaptability in Crop BreedingView all articles
Stability and Adaptability Assessment of Red Onion Genotypes Using AMMI, GGE, BLUP, and Multivariate Indices
Provisionally accepted
Dr Amar Jeet Gupta*
Kavya V. AribenchiAshwini BenkeSupriya KaldatePushpa Hulagannavar
Rajiv Kale
Vijay Mahajan- Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research (ICAR), Pune, India
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Red onion (Allium cepa L.) productivity and quality are highly contingent on environmental context, necessitating rigorous genotype evaluation across sites and seasons. We assessed 24 red onion genotypes in multi-environment trials (METs) across eight agro-ecologically diverse Indian locations during rabi, to quantify genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and identify widely or specifically adapted cultivars. An integrated analytical pipeline combined GGE and AMMI biplots with mixed-model BLUPs (including HMRPGV) and multivariate tools (GT, GYT, MGIDI) for multi-trait selection across marketable yield (MY), days to harvest (DTH), average bulb weight (ABW), total soluble solids (TSS), double bulb formation (DB) and thrips incidence (TI). Pooled ANOVA and GGE analyses indicated significant genotype, environment and GEI effects for all traits. The first two GGE axes captured substantial variation of 56.7% for MY to 86.6% for DB, supporting reliable biplot interpretation. Across complementary models, Bhima Shakti (G24), RO-1672 (G11), Bhima Kiran (G23) and RO-1773 (G19) consistently ranked among the top performers, exhibiting desirable stability profiles; MGIDI index further supported these selections. GGE delineated three mega-environments for MY, DTH and TI, with vertex genotypes varying by trait, while AMMI biplots identified genotypes proximate to the origin as broadly stable. Environment ranking emphasized E6 (ICAR-DOGR, Pune) as most informative for MY. The study demonstrates that combining BLUP with AMMI, GGE and multi-trait selection indices enhances accuracy in genotype recommendation.
Keywords: onion, stability, GEI, GGE biplot, AMMI biplot, MGIDI, GYT, BLUP
Received: 29 Aug 2025; Accepted: 26 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Gupta, Aribenchi, Benke, Kaldate, Hulagannavar, Kale and Mahajan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Dr Amar Jeet Gupta, guptaaj75@yahoo.co.in
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