ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Abiotic Stress
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1572619
Temporal Transcriptome and WGCNA Analysis Unveils Divergent Drought Response Strategies in Wild and Cultivated Solanum Varieties
Provisionally accepted
- 1Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, Puducherry, India
- 2Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Drought, exacerbated by climate change, threatens global food security, particularly impacting crop products, including tomatoes, which are economically essential but drought-sensitive. This study explores drought responses in the wild-type Solanum pennellii (WT), known for drought tolerance, and cultivated Solanum lycopersicum (CT), through RNA-Seq analysis at three drought intervals (2W +5D, +8D, and +11D). Across these points, WT and CT showed 716 and 1459 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Pathway enrichment revealed distinct metabolic adaptations: wild varieties prioritized arginine and proline metabolism early, shifting to cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis by day 11, while cultivated varieties emphasized steroid biosynthesis, secondary metabolite production, and photosynthesis-related pathways. Transcription factor analysis highlighted HB-HD-ZIP enrichment in wild varieties, contrasting with broader, less coordinated TF activation in cultivated varieties. WGCNA identified the blue module as significantly associated with prolonged drought in both species. Network analysis showed ribosomal pathways enriched in CT, while in WT, it was observed broader pathway enrichment, including secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, and oxidative stress pathways. In WT unique hub genes were, sucrose synthase and malate synthase, suggesting specialized drought adaptation mechanisms. These findings highlight multifaceted drought resilience strategy of WT compared to growth-focused response of CT, offering a foundation for breeding drought-resistant tomato varieties critical for food security under climate pressures.
Keywords: Solanum, wild, cultivated, drought, Transcriptome, WGCNA
Received: 07 Feb 2025; Accepted: 24 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Rajeev, Raju and Pan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Archana Pan, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, Puducherry, India
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