ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Sustainable and Intelligent Phytoprotection
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1648434
This article is part of the Research TopicInnovative Applications of Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Horticultural PlantsView all articles
Multidimensional Quality Evaluation and Traceability Study of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus from Different Sources
Provisionally accepted
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
The quality of "Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB)" is influenced by its geographical origin and cultivation management. Characterizing quality differences among FCB from different sources through multidimensional analysis and establishing an accurate traceability model represent critical approaches to ensure FCB medicinal material quality. This study integrated untargeted metabolomics, alkaloid quantification, mineral nutritional element analysis, and hyperspectral imaging features to systematically reveal metabolic and compositional variations in FCB from different sources, while constructing a deep learning-based traceability model. Untargeted analysis identified significant differences in metabolite levels across FCB sources, with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealing that these differential metabolites were primarily enriched in 23 pathways. Targeted alkaloid quantification demonstrated that field-collected wild specimens from Seka township (designated SK-FC) accumulated higher levels of peimisine, imperialine, and peiminine, whereas tissue-cultured regenerants from Bamei town (designated BM-TC) exhibited elevated peimine content, indicating that geographical environments and cultivation practices regulate alkaloid biosynthesis. Mineral nutritional element analysis showed that BM-TC samples had the highest elemental accumulation, likely linked to nutrient-rich culture media, while field-collected wild specimens from Chuanzhusi town (designated CZS-FC) and Anhong township artificial cultivated accessions (designated AH-AC) preferentially accumulated Al/Fe/Mn/Na and K/Mg/Zn/Cu, respectively. Most elements showed positive correlations with peiminine and peimine levels but negative correlations with peimisine and imperialine. The Residual Network (ResNet) deep learning model, constructed using hyperspectral-derived three-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (3DCOS) images, achieved 100% testing/validation accuracy and 86.67% external validation accuracy, outperforming traditional partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models in traceability efficacy and providing an efficient method for precise origin identification of FCB. This research establishes theoretical foundations for multidimensional quality evaluation and traceability of FCB, offering fundamental support for further development and utilization of FCB resources.
Keywords: Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, Metabolomics, Alkaloids, mineral elements, Traceability model
Received: 17 Jun 2025; Accepted: 25 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Han, Qi, He, Xue, Li, Wang and Yan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Hai Wang, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
Zhu-Yun Yan, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.