ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Abiotic Stress
This article is part of the Research TopicInnovative Integration of Stress Physiology and Biotechnological Tools for Mitigating Metal Stress in PlantsView all 3 articles
Prohydrojasmonate–silicon synergy enhances cadmium detoxification and stress tolerance in rice, Oryza sativa L
Provisionally accepted
- College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah, Saudi Arabia
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Cadmium (Cd) contamination severely threaten rice productivity and food security, yet effective and sustainable detoxification strategies remain limited. This study investigates whether combined application of prohydrojasmonate (PDJ) and silicon (Si) can synergistically enhance Cd detoxification in rice. Rice seedlings exposed to Cd stress were treated with PDJ, Si or their combination and evaluated through integrated physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses including metal accumulation, photosynthetic performance, oxidative status, hormonal regulation and gene expression. Compared to individual treatments, PDJ-Si co-treatment significantly reduced Cd translocation to aerial tissues, with maximum root retention restored essential leaf elements (Fe, K, Mn) and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. While PDJ and Si individually enhanced membrane stability, reduced lipid peroxidation and improved osmotic balance their combined application produced the most pronounced effects. Phytohormone profiling revealed coordinated activation of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways with balanced abscisic acid (ABA) modulation. Furthermore, both individual and combine application caused differential expression of genes related to detoxification (OsABCC1, OsGSTU5, OsPCS1), metal transporters (OsHMA2, OsLCT1) and hormone biosynthesis (OsABA2, OsEDS1, OsAOS2). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PDJ and Si application enhance Cd detoxification and stress tolerance in rice providing a promising approach for sustainable rice cultivation in Cd-contaminated soils.
Keywords: Cadmium detoxification, Phytoremediation, Prohydrojasmonate, rice, silicon synergy
Received: 24 Oct 2025; Accepted: 15 Dec 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 AL-Amri. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Salem M. AL-Amri
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