Integrating marker-assisted identification and multi-environment trait stability models to select superior rice restorer lines for hybrid breeding

Shridhar Ragi¹Vikram Jeet Singh²Shekharappa Nandakumar³Gopala Krishnan S¹Haritha Bollinedi¹Ranjith Kumar Ellur¹K K Vinod¹Bheemapura shivakumar harshitha⁴Deepak Saran¹Saurabh Samdarshi¹Firos T.M. Basha¹P. Jayaprakash¹Deepak Singh Bisht⁵Ashok Kumar Singh¹Prolay Kumar Bhowmick^1*

• ¹Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi, India
• ²Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya, India
• ³ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute Jodhpur, Regional Research Station, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India, Jaisalmer, India
• ⁴CSB - Institute for Seri-Biotechnological Research, Bengaluru, India
• ⁵ICAR - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

The efficient identification of stable and agronomically superior restorer lines is critical for hybrid rice breeding, particularly under multi-environment testing where genotype × environment interaction confounds the selection decision. The present study aimed to integrate marker-assisted fertility restoration screening for Rf3 and Rf4 and multi-environment, multi-trait, based selection models to identify elite rice restorer lines suitable for hybrid breeding. A panel of 240 rice restorer lines was screened using molecular markers for Rf3 and Rf4, revealed that 85.41% lines carried the Rf4 allele, 11.25% lines possessed both Rf3 and Rf4, and 3.34% lines carried only the Rf3 allele then these restorers are evaluated in multi-location for grain yield and associated agronomic traits. The WAASBY-based ranking identified superior genotypes combining high yield and stability, and genotypes selected under a 10% selection intensity were also present in Quadrant IV of the Y × WAASB biplot, indicating above-average yield and high stability. Coincidence analysis across all stability and multi-trait selection models identified eight restorer lines (RR130, RR121, RR72, RR140, RR196, RR79, RR23, and RR233) as common restorers. These restorers showed midearly flowering duration, high spikelet fertility, favourable panicle exertion, and superior seed yield per plant. The integrated selection strategy adopted in this study provides a practical basis for identifying elite restorer (R-line) parents for the development of high-yielding and widely adapted hybrid rice cultivars. To our knowledge, no prior research has concurrently utilized MGIDI, MTSI, MTMPS, and FAI BLUP for the identification of rice restorer lines in multi environment trials.