Adaptations Enabling Far-Red Light Photosynthesis in Oxygenic Photo-Autotrophs

The field of research focuses on the mechanisms by which oxygenic photo-autotrophs utilize far-red light for photosynthesis. Historically, it was believed that only non-oxygenic photoautotrophs, such as photosynthetic bacteria, could harness far-red light, while oxygenic photoautotrophs primarily relied on visible light. This paradigm shifted in 1996 with the discovery of Acaryochloris marina, a cyanobacterium containing chlorophyll d, capable of utilizing far-red light for oxygenic photosynthesis. Subsequent discoveries, such as Halomicronema hongdechloris, which contains chlorophyll f and can utilize even longer wavelengths of far-red light, have further expanded our understanding. Despite these advances, the precise mechanisms by which these organisms drive photochemistry using the lower energy of far-red light remain unclear. Addressing this knowledge gap is crucial for potential applications in agriculture and industry, such as improving crop yields and enhancing the efficiency of artificial photosynthesis and solar panels.

This research topic aims to elucidate the mechanisms that enable oxygenic photo-autotrophs to perform photosynthesis using far-red light. Specifically, it seeks to answer questions related to how these organisms achieve high redox potential and drive photochemical reactions with lower-energy far-red light. The research will test hypotheses concerning the structural and functional adaptations of chlorophyll d/f-carrying photosystems and their evolutionary significance. By understanding these mechanisms, the research aims to contribute to more efficient solar energy utilization in both natural and artificial systems.

To gather further insights into the utilization of far-red light by oxygenic photo-autotrophs, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Structure-based analyses including spectroscopic and/or theoretical analyses
- Evolutionary analysis based on structure and/or genome information
- Ecological research from the viewpoint of light usage
- Characterization of algae/plants that are genetically manipulated to carry chlorophyll d/f

Keywords: far-red light, photo-autotrophs, chlorophyll, stromatolite, photochemistry, microorganisms

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